AI and Student Safety: Hidden Risks in Social Media and Digital Spaces

Understanding the New Digital Safety Landscape

Digital safety in education continues to evolve with emerging technologies. Whilst traditional concerns about cyberbullying and inappropriate content remain relevant, artificial intelligence introduces additional complexities that may be less apparent to students and staff. These AI systems are integrated within many social media platforms that students regularly access, influencing their online interactions in ways that warrant attention."

Consider Snapchat as an example. Alongside its core functionality, the platform utilises AI algorithms to analyse user behaviour, interests and interactions. The NSPCC has raised important considerations regarding how these systems may inadvertently expose students to unsuitable content or connections through their recommendation systems. The adaptive nature of these AI systems presents particular challenges for student wellbeing. These systems can identify patterns in user behaviour - including interests, emotional indicators and social networks - and utilise this information to curate content and suggest connections. This may lead to concerning scenarios; for instance, interest in health-related content might result in exposure to more extreme dietary information, or signs of low mood could trigger suggestions that may affect emotional wellbeing. South West Grid for Learning's AI safety guidance suggests that understanding these mechanisms is essential for supporting students effectively. This knowledge should be shared across the school community, as AI-influenced behaviours may manifest in various aspects of student life, potentially affecting both wellbeing and academic engagement.

Emerging Threats: From Parasocial Relationships to Deepfakes

Educational technology's integration with artificial intelligence systems requires a nuanced approach to student safeguarding. These tools, whilst offering valuable learning opportunities, introduce subtle complexities that merit thorough consideration by educational professionals.

When students interact with AI chatbots for academic purposes, there are specific considerations regarding mental health support. Research from Internet Matters suggests that these systems may respond inappropriately when students discuss personal challenges or emotional difficulties. Educational staff should be aware that students might seek emotional guidance from these platforms, and should work to ensure appropriate support channels are clearly communicated and readily accessible.

Beyond direct interactions with AI systems, there are concerns about the development of one-sided emotional connections with virtual personalities. These parasocial relationships, where students form attachments to online figures or AI characters, may influence social development and interpersonal skills. It is important to recognise potential indicators of these relationships, which include:

• Dedicating significant amounts of time to engaging with AI-driven platforms or virtual characters
• Reduced participation in in-person social activities
• Referring to AI personalities or social media figures in intimate, personal terms
• Displaying signs of anxiety or distress when disconnected from these digital interactions

A significant additional concern is the emergence of synthetic media manipulation. South West Grid for Learning has documented instances where AI-powered image and video manipulation technologies have affected school communities. Educational institutions may benefit from developing comprehensive guidelines regarding digital media creation and establishing clear channels for addressing concerns. Essential protective strategies include:

1. Educational sessions focusing on identifying manipulated digital content and understanding its potential impacts
2. Comprehensive protocols for the responsible management and sharing of digital media
3. Accessible and confidential channels for raising concerns about potentially manipulated content
4. Ongoing professional development for staff regarding emerging digital media technologies and their implications

Addressing these safeguarding considerations requires a balanced and informed approach. Educational institutions can develop effective responses through sustained communication with students, appropriate monitoring practices, and regular staff development. Collaboration with safeguarding organisations and staying informed about emerging research helps ensure that protective measures remain current and appropriate. It is particularly important to maintain a supportive environment where students feel comfortable discussing their online experiences and concerns.

Building a Proactive Safety Framework

Implementing comprehensive safeguarding measures for emerging technologies requires thoughtful consideration and systematic application. As artificial intelligence and social platforms continue to advance, educational institutions benefit from developing adaptable strategies that address both immediate concerns and anticipated developments in digital interaction.

To support the development of robust safeguarding practices, South West Grid for Learning (SWGfL) provides guidance materials for educational institutions. Their policy templates and assessment frameworks can assist schools in developing contextually appropriate safeguarding measures that address emerging technological challenges whilst maintaining student wellbeing as the primary focus.

Building upon these considerations, essential elements of a comprehensive safety framework include:

1. Policy Integration: Incorporate emerging technology considerations into safeguarding frameworks, addressing potential risks from AI interactions and synthetic media
2. Professional Development: Facilitate ongoing learning opportunities for staff to understand technological developments and their implications for student wellbeing
3. Digital Literacy: Foster student understanding of AI systems through structured programmes that emphasise critical thinking and responsible engagement
4. Balanced Oversight: Implement thoughtful monitoring practices that maintain student safety whilst respecting individual privacy and autonomy

To enhance these safety measures, schools might consider establishing the following monitoring and response protocols:

• Systematic assessment of digital platform security and privacy settings across school networks
• Accessible and confidential communication pathways for raising digital safety concerns
• Structured guidelines for addressing incidents involving emerging technologies
• Periodic evaluation and refinement of digital safety measures to address evolving challenges

Educational institutions face the delicate task of promoting safe digital engagement whilst avoiding overly restrictive measures. The focus should be on cultivating digital discernment, enabling students to navigate online environments thoughtfully. This approach emphasises the development of analytical skills and informed decision-making, supported by appropriate safeguarding frameworks.

As technological capabilities continue to advance, educational institutions should maintain adaptable safeguarding approaches that anticipate future developments. Collaborating with safeguarding organisations, participating in professional networks, and monitoring emerging research enables schools to refine their protective measures whilst upholding fundamental safety principles. This collaborative, evidence-based approach helps ensure that student wellbeing remains central to digital safety planning.